EFFETS DES INSTITUTIONS SUR LA CONVERGENCE RÉELLE DANS LA CEDEAO

A. B. SECK

Résumé


La tendance éventuelle à la convergence régionale est devenue un objectif majeur, en particulier dans la CEDEAO qui vise la création de la monnaie unique. Pour expliquer le rattrapage des niveaux de revenus des pays riches par les pays pauvres, plusieurs facteurs ont été abordé par la littérature économique. Cependant, peu d’analyses ont été consacrées au rôle que les institutions sont susceptibles de jouer dans ce processus. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser l’effet des institutions sur la convergence réelle des économies de la CEDEAO. Une analyse fondée sur une approche par les clusters a permis d’identifier deux clubs de convergence. En appliquant une approche de β-convergence conditionnelle en panel dynamique sur un échantillon de 14 pays de la CEDEAO, sur la période 2008-2020, l’estimation par la méthode des moments généralisés révèle, d’une part, l’existence d’un phénomène de rattrapage faible au sein des pays de la zone. D’autre part, en prenant en compte les institutions, il en ressort une amélioration de la vitesse de convergence.


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